Abstract

The Gram-negative bacillus Helicobacter pylori is widely recognized as a major etiologic agent responsible for chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcers, the development of gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). Still, little is known about the natural history of H. pylori infection, since patients usually after many years of not suffering from symptoms of the infection are simply asymptomatic. Since the research investigators carried out on human models has many limitations, there is an urgent need for the development of an animal model optimal and suitable for the monitoring of H. pylori infections. This review summarizes the recent findings on the suitability of animal models used in H. pylori research. Several animal models are useful for the assessment of pathological, microbiological and immunological consequences of infection, which makes it possible to monitor the natural

References

• 1. Bederska D.: Zastosowanie techniki nokautu genowego, analizysekwencji mikrosatelitarnych oraz szczepów wsobnych myszyw mapowaniu genów odpowiedzialnych za spermatogenezę. Rocz.Nauk. Zoot., 2011; 38: 11-20
  Google Scholar
• 2. Biernat M., Gościniak G.: Gatunki Helicobacter izolowane z przewodupokarmowego człowieka. Adv. Clin. Exp. Med., 2006; 15: 113-120
  Google Scholar
• 3. Biernat M., Gościniak G.: Rola Helicobacter hepaticus w chorobachwątroby i dolnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego. Adv. Clin. Exp.Med., 2003; 12: 785-789
  Google Scholar
• 4. Chichlowski M., Hale L.P.: Effects of Helicobacter infection on research:the case for eradication of Helicobacter from rodent researchcolonies. Comp. Med., 2009; 59: 10-17
  Google Scholar
• 5. Chmiela M., Czkwianianc E., Wadstrom T., Rudnicka W.: Role ofHelicobacter pylori surface structures in bacterial interaction withmacrophages. Gut, 1997; 40: 20-24
  Google Scholar
• 6. Chmiela M., Rudnicka W.: Reakcje immunologiczne w zakażeniachwywołanych przez Helicobacter pylori. Postępy Hig. Med. Dośw.,1997; 51: 115-138
  Google Scholar
• 7. Dubois A., Berg D.E., Incecik E.T., Fiala N., Heman-Ackah L.M.,Perez-Perez G.I., Blaser M.J.: Transient and persistent experimentalinfection of nonhuman primates with Helicobacter pylori: implicationsfor human disease. Infect. Immun., 1996; 64: 2885-2891
  Google Scholar
• 8. Dubois A., Lee C.K., Fiala N., Kleanthous H., Mehlman P.T., MonathT.: Immunization against natural Helicobacter pylori infection innonhuman primates. Infect. Immun., 1998; 66: 4340-4346
  Google Scholar
• 9. Durrani Z., Rijpkema S.: Orogastric vaccination of guinea pigswith Helicobacter pylori sonicate and a high dose of cholera toxinlowers the burden of infection. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol.,2003; 36: 169-173
  Google Scholar
• 10. Gościniak G.: Rodzaj Helicobacter – implikacje kliniczne i narastającyproblem oporności Helicobacter pylori. Pediatria Współcz.Gastrenterol. Hepatol. Żywienie Dziecka, 2010; 12: 41-44
  Google Scholar
• 11. Gościniak G., Biernat M., Kubiak K., Pawlus K., Grabińska J.,Jankowski M.: Przeciwciała w zakażeniach Helicobacter spp. u psów.Med. Wet., 2008; 64: 903-905
  Google Scholar
• 12. Grębowska A., Moran A.P., Bielański W., Matusiak A., RechcińskiT., Rudnicka K., Baranowska A., Rudnicka W., Chmiela M.: Helicobacterpylori lipopolysaccharide activity in human peripheral blood mononuclearleukocyte cultures. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 2010; 61: 437-442
  Google Scholar
• 13. Guo L., Liu K., Xu G., Li X., Tu J., Tang F., Xing Y., Xi T.: Prophylacticand therapeutic efficacy of the epitope vaccine CTB-UA againstHelicobacter pylori infection in a BALB/c mice model. Appl. Microbiol.Biotechnol., 2012; 95: 1437-144
  Google Scholar
• 14. Harbour S., Sutton P.: Immunogenicity and pathogenicity ofHelicobacter infections of veterinary animals. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.,2008; 122: 191-203
  Google Scholar
• 15. Honda S., Fujioka T., Tokieda M., Satoh R., Nishizono A., NasuM.: Development of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinoma inMongolian gerbils. Cancer Res., 1998; 58: 4255-4259
  Google Scholar
• 16. Keenan J.I., Rijpkema S.G., Durrani Z., Roake J.A.: Differences inimmunogenicity and protection in mice and guinea pigs followingintranasal immunization with Helicobacter pylori outer membraneantigens. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 2003; 36: 199-205
  Google Scholar
• 17. Kodama M., Murakami K., Sato R., Okimoto T., Nishizono A.,Fujioka T.: Helicobacter pylori-infected animal models are extremelysuitable for the investigation of gastric carcinogenesis. World J. Gastroenterol.,2005; 11: 7063-7071
  Google Scholar
• 18. Ksiądzyna D., Szandruk M., Szeląg A.: Perspektywy leczeniazakażenia Helicobacter pylori. Przegląd Gastroenterol., 2012; 7: 70-77
  Google Scholar
• 19. Kubiak K.: Kolonizacja błony śluzowej żołądka psów i kotówdrobnoustrojami z rodzaju Helicobacter – aspekt kliniczny. WydawnictwoAkademii Rolniczej we Wrocławiu, Wrocław 2006
  Google Scholar
• 20. Kuklińska U., Łasica A.M., Jagusztyn-Krynicka E.K.: Białko CagAHelicobacter pylori – pierwsza zidentyfikowana bakteryjna onkoproteina.Postępy Mikrobiol., 2011; 50: 97-106
  Google Scholar
• 21. Kwiecień S., Brzozowski T., Śliwowski Z., Konturek S.J.: InfekcjaHelicobacter pylori w doświadczalnym modelu uszkodzeń błony śluzowejżołądka powstałych w wyniku ischemii i reperfuzji. Gastroenterol.Pol., 2001; 8: 111-125
  Google Scholar
• 22. Lee A.: Animal models of Helicobacter infection. Mol. Med. Today,1999; 5: 500-501
  Google Scholar
• 23. Marshall B.J., Warren J.R.: Unidentified curved bacilli in thestomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration. Lancet,1984; 1: 1311-1315
  Google Scholar
• 24. Merwid-Ląd A., Trocha M., Ksiądzyna D., Sozański T., Szeląg A.:Animal models for the gastrointestinal motility evaluation. Gastroenterol.Pol., 2009; 16: 201-206
  Google Scholar
• 25. Nakagawa S., Osaki T., Fujioka Y., Yamaguchi H., Kamiya S.: Longterminfection of Mongolian gerbils with Helicobacter pylori: microbiological,histopathological, and serological analyses. Clin. Diagn.Lab. Immunol., 2005; 12: 347-353
  Google Scholar
• 26. Nedrud J.G.: Animal models for gastric Helicobacter immunologyand vaccine studies. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 1999;24: 243-250
  Google Scholar
• 27. Neiger R., Simpson K.W.: Helicobacter infection in dogs and cats:facts and fiction. J. Vet. Intern. Med., 2000; 14: 125-133
  Google Scholar
• 28. Pautahidis T., Tsangaris T., Kanakoudis G., Vlemmas I., IliadisN., Sofianou D.: Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in experimentallyinfected conventional piglets. Vet. Pathol., 2001; 38: 667-678
  Google Scholar
• 29. Paziak-Domańska B., Chmiela M., Jarosińska A., Rudnicka W.:Potential role of CagA in the inhibition of T cell reactivity in Helicobacterpylori infections. Cell. Immunol., 2000; 202: 136-139
  Google Scholar
• 30. Peek R.M.: Helicobacter pylori infection and disease: from humansto animal models. Dis. Model. Mech., 2008; 1: 50-55
  Google Scholar
• 31. Radziejewska I.: Rola mucyn żołądkowych w oddziaływaniachz Helicobacter pylori. Postępy Hig. Med. Dośw., 2012; 66: 60-66
  Google Scholar
• 32. Rand M.S.: Selection of biomedical animal models. W: Sourcebookof models for biomedical research, red.: P.M. Conn. HumanPress, Totowa, NJ, 2008; 9-15
  Google Scholar
• 33. Rossi G., Rossi M., Vitali C.G., Fortuna D., Burroni D., PancottoL., Capecchi S., Sozzi S., Renzoni G., Braca G., Giudice G., RappuoliR., Ghiara P., Taccini E.: A conventional Beagle dog model for acuteand chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori. Infect. Immun., 1999;67: 3112-3120
  Google Scholar
• 34. Rossi G., Ruggiero P., Peppoloni S., Pancotto L., Fortuna D.,Lauretti L., Volpini G., Mancianti S., Corazza M., Taccini E., Di PisaF., Rappuoli R., Del Giudice G.: Therapeutic vaccination against Helicobacterpylori in the beagle dog experimental model: safety, immunogenicity,and efficacy. Infect. Immun., 2004; 72: 3252-3259
  Google Scholar
• 35. Rudnicka K., Włodarczyk M., Moran A.P., Rechciński T., MiszczykE., Matusiak A., Szczęsna E., Walencka M., Rudnicka W., Chmiela M.:Helicobacter pylori antigens as potential modulators of lymphocytes’cytotoxic activity. Microbiol. Immunol., 2012; 56: 62-75
  Google Scholar
• 36. Rybicka M., Stalke P., Bielawski K.P., Nakonieczna J.: Zakażeniabakteriami rodzaju Helicobacter spp. w przewlekłym uszkodzeniuwątroby. Postępy Hig. Med. Dośw., 2010; 64: 386-395
  Google Scholar
• 37. Sapierzyński R., Fabisiak M., Kizerwetter-Świda M.: Nasileniei charakterystyka zapalnego nacieku komórkowego w błonie śluzowej żołądka świń przy zakażeniu Helicobacter sp. Medycyna Wet.,2007; 63: 1102-1105
  Google Scholar
• 38. Shomer N.H., Dangler C.A., Whary M.T., Fox J.G.: ExperimentalHelicobacter pylori infection induces antral gastritis and gastricmucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in guinea pigs. Infect. Immun.,1998; 66: 2614-2618
  Google Scholar
• 39. Sjunnesson H.: Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in guineapigs: model development, diagnostic methods and comparison withmouse protocols. Lund University, 2002; 1-70
  Google Scholar
• 40. Sjunnesson H., Sturegard E., Grubb A., Willén R., Wadström T.:Comparative study of Helicobacter pylori infection in guinea pigs andmice – elevation of acute-phase protein C3 in infected guinea pigs.FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 2001; 30: 167-172
  Google Scholar
• 41. Sjunnesson H., Sturegard E., Hynes S., Willén R., Feinstein R.,Wadström T.: Five month persistence of Helicobacter pylori infectionin guinea pigs. APMIS, 2003; 111: 634-642
  Google Scholar
• 42. Sjunnesson H., Sturegard E., Willén R., Wadström T.: High intakeof selenium, β-carotene, and vitamins A, C, and E reduces growth ofHelicobacter pylori in the guinea pig. Comp. Med., 2001; 51: 418-423
  Google Scholar
• 43. Wang X.: Helicobacter pylori infection in a mouse model. Development,optimization and inhibitory effects of antioxidants. Doctoraldissertation of Lund University. Sweden 2001
  Google Scholar
• 44. Wirth H.P., Beins M.H., Yang M., Tham K.T., Blaser M.J.: Experimentalinfection of Mongolian gerbils with wild-type and mutantHelicobacter pylori strains. Infect. Immun., 1998; 66: 4856-4866
  Google Scholar

Full text