Abstract

peripheral nervous system. Considering the structure and evolutionary origin, neuropeptideY (NPY) is a peptide of the same family as peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide(PP). These proteins were discovered relatively recently, however, knowledge about them isdeepened. They are 36-amino acid peptide acting through G-protein coupled receptors, Y1,Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5 and Y6. The diverse structure C-terminus of the peptide and protein binding toreceptors affect the biological activity and the physiological effects on the digestive system,blood vessels, and the center of hunger and satiety in the hypothalamus. Peptides have anorexicproperties, they regulate appetite and food intake mainly through the intestinal cerebrospinalaxis and the hypothalamus. These substances represent an important potential target of newdrugs in the long-term treatment and prevention of obesity. Furthermore, neuropeptide Yaffects many processes depending on the central nervous system modifies ethanol consumption,affect circadian rhythms, memory processes, anxiety behavior. Peripherally NPY affectssmooth muscle contraction of the blood vessels, blood pressure, and atherogenic processes.Conducted more thorough research trying to define the role and participation of variousneuropeptides in the development of diseases of the pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract,cardiovascular system and use it for diagnosis.

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